Vol 12 Iss 11

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A Philological Analysis of the Slavic Biblical Expression

Rudavin^a, Denis Anatolevich^b, Garin^c, Vadim Viktorovich^d, Pikhota^e, Oleg Igorevich^f, Abgaryan^g, Natalia Borisovna^h, ^{a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h}Senior lecturers, The Institute of Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University,

At present, the Synod Slavic Bible (SSB) is the official text of the Russian Orthodox Church, and the Church Slavonic language is the liturgical style or code of the Russian language and literature. The church’s liturgical Christian texts belong to the oldest texts that appeared in the old Russian version of the Old Slavic or Church Slavonic language. These are famous manuscripts, such as the Ostromir Gospel (1056–1057), the Arkhangelsk Gospel (1092), the Novgorod office menology (1095–1097), “The Miracle Intelligent Psalter” (XI century), and “The Eugene Psalter” (XI century), etc. From the titles of the above texts, it can be concluded that most of them are parts of the Slavic Bible that were read during the divine service. Even though these texts are translations, they can be called the first works of Russian literature, which were written in the Cyrillic alphabet and served as the worldview, ideological and semantic basis of the original works of Russian authors. Despite its importance and antiquity, unfortunately the Bible in Church Slavonic or Synodal Slavic Bible (SSB) still has numerous "dark" sections. Meaning, it is unintelligible to understand places that have not been corrected for objective historical and subjective reasons. It seems that the work on the correction of “dark” places and the philological and historical study of the Synodal Slavic Bible and liturgical texts should be a top priority, not only for the Russian Church, but also for the Russian science. The aim of this paper is to explore the methodology of the “instance” method of correction of the “dark” sections for understanding places, which consists of a detailed analysis of the original text fragment containing the “dark” place for understanding, on a certain fragment. Furthermore, the practical task is to investigate the possibility of translation and explanation of such places. Pages 1 to 11

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The Effectiveness of Computer Use in Acquiring Grammatical Concepts and Developing Reading Skills for Second Intermediate Schoolgirls

Thurya Ahmed Khalis Shaalan Al-Shimary^a*, Falah Saleh Hussein Al-Joubory^b, ^aUniversity of Al-Hamdaniya, College of Education, Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences, ^bUniversity of Tikrit, College of Education for Human Sciences, Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences, Email: ^a*falahaljobori@gmail.com

The goal of the current research is to identify the effectiveness of computer use in acquiring grammatical concepts among middle second graders and developing their reading skills. The research sample consisted of 70 female second intermediate students who were selected intentionally from Kirkuk city for the year 2018-2019. They were then divided by the researchers into two equal groups: the first experimental group of 38 students studied the subject with the use of a computer, and the second group of 32 students studied the subject in the usual way. In order to achieve the goal of the study, the researchers prepared two tools: the first was a test of grammatical concepts, which was formed by 30 objective paragraphs relating to conformity and marriage. The choice of multi-alternatives and all these paragraphs are divided equally into 10 grammatical concepts to measure the elements of the particular concept. The researchers verified the validity of the test as well as the psychometric characteristics. The second tool was the measure of the trend towards the reading material. In the test’s final version of 29 paragraphs, 14 positive and 15 negative, each paragraph was followed by three alternatives (always - sometimes - rarely). The researchers also verified the accuracy of the scale and the characteristics of the Seiko metric and its stability. The researchers then prepared a number of study plans for both groups: experimental and traditional. The researchers then carried out the research experiment, after which they applied the sample data of the research, which was processed statistically using the T test for two independent samples. It was found that (1) there is a statistically significant difference between the average acquisition of grammatical concepts in the members of the experimental and traditional groups, which was in favour of the experimental group; and (2) that there is a statistically significant difference between the average development of reading skills for female students of the experimental research groups and the traditional towards the reading material, which was for the benefit of the experimental group.Pages 12 to 21

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Professional Behaviour of Educator-Certified Social Studies Teachers Working in Junior High Schools in the Bantul District

Tarto^a*, Gunawan Sridiyatmiko^b, ^a,bUniversitas PGRI Yogyakarta, Jalan PGRI I, Sonosewu No. 117, Yogyakarta, 55182, Indonesia, Email : ^a*tartosentono0@gmail.com

This research aims to identify (1) the professional behaviour and the work performance/work ethic improvement of educator-certified teachers in performing their professional tasks, (2) the change in teachers’ behaviour after obtaining professional certificate, (3) the contribution of age, years of services, certification system, and school category to teachers’ professional behaviour. The professional behaviour of educator-certified teachers is informed by previous behaviour rather than their behaviour after obtaining a professional certificate through a certification program. Most professional educator-certified teachers have performed optimally in terms of professional behaviour, however only a relatively small number of teachers have good habits beyond their certification. Some indicators of teachers' professional behaviour are (1) self-reflection on personal matters and work, (2) work ethic, and (3) professional behaviour. Age and years of service contribute minimally to the professional behaviour of Junior High School (JHS) teachers in the Bantul district. Those older in age and with longer years of service show a decline in the quality of their professional behaviour. This is natural due to decreasing physical capability and increasing age. There is also a tendency that teachers under the portfolio-review certification system more prominently demonstrate professional behaviour than those under teacher professional education and PLPG certification systems. In this study, it is proved that teachers under the portfolio-review certification system have developed a greater degree of basic competence than those under the PLPG system. It is also found that the difference in the school category, i.e. state and private schools, does not contribute to the difference in a teacher’s professional behaviour.Pages 22 to 39

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Recommendation System Using Machine Learning: A Review Paper

Meilany Nonsi Tentua^a*,  Suprapto^b, ^aTeknik Informatika, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta, Indonesia, ^bDepartment of Computer Science and Electronics, FMIPA UGM, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Email: ^a*meilany@upy.ac.id.

Recommendation System software aims at helping users by giving recommendations when faced with big amounts of information. Big information requires time to process and generate a recommendation. It also requires a model of knowledge from a group of data to give the appropriate recommendation. One of the ways to optimise the recommendation system is machine learning. This article discusses recommendation system model development, including the collaborative filtering model, the content-based model, the knowledge based model, the demography model, and a hybrid model using machine learning. This is to increase accuracy and simplify the computational process on the recommendation system. Pages 40 to 56

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Moral Values of the Javanese Traditional Game Songs to Strengthen Character Education at Elementary Schools in Surakarta

Siti Supeni^a*, Lydia Ersta^b, Oktiana Handini^c, Yusuf^d, ^a,b,c,dSlamet Riyadi University Surakarta Indonesia, Email : ^a*sitisupeni@unisri.ac.id

This study aims at finding a strategy for developing learning models through Javanese traditional game songs in elementary school students, and the meaning in the lyrics of the songs. The type of research is descriptive qualitative. The techniques used in collecting the data are observation, interview, and documentation. In analysing the data, the researchers used the Interactive Analysis Model. Research findings show that the number of teachers who understand the Javanese cultural values are 62-70 (30% - 40%). Only 40% of them understand the art of educating while playing by stimulating children's motor skills through musical activities. Dancing comprises about 20-30% because not all of the elementary schools have gamelans to improve children's motor skills. The conclusion is that the teaching of character education is compulsory learning material that is integrated in every learning subject. It is also an independent subject which is called Civics subject. Pages 57 to 70

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Social Ecology and Survival among Multi-Ethnic Youths in Urban Areas

Mohd Ariffuddin Bin Kamari^a, Abdul Razaq Bin Ahmad^b, Jalaluddin Abdul Malek^c*, Norshariani Abd Rahman^d, Andries Lionardo^e, ^a,bFaculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, ^cFaculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, ^dInstitute of Islam Hadhari, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, ^eFaculty of Social and Political Studies, University of Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia, Email: ^c*ir.ariffuddin@mpsj.gov.my

This is a survey research for the identification of social ecology support and survival among youths from various ethnic backgrounds in Malaysia. Social ecology encompasses several aspects including the support from institutions, families, local communities, and online platforms. Survival refers to knowledge, skills, lifelong education, as well as value and creativity. The sample comprised 2,400 respondents selected by a stratified random method from different ethnicities, which covered Malay, Chinese and Indian groups. All respondents are living in 6 zones in an urban area of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The result of the pilot study showed that the reliability level of the overall item was at a high confidence level of 0.834 -0.929 when analysed using Cronbach’s alpha. The finding of this study shows that the level of social ecology support is high. Survival on the other hand is also at a high level. As for stepwise regression analysis, the factor of online support, which relates to enhancing knowledge, gaining new skills, and networking through online applications, has aided youth in improving the longevity of their urban life. This research also reveals that support primarily in the form of online platforms should be given special attention at various stages in shaping the youths. This is compatible with global generations especially in urban areas. Pages 71 to 82

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Innovative Education Program for Science Preservice Teachers: Technological, Pedagogical, and Science Knowledge - Contextual (TPACK - C) Approach

A Widowati^a*, Sri Atun^b, IGP Suryadarma^c, A. Wiyarsi^d, Setuju^e, N. Atiqah Raduan^f, ^a,b,c,dEducation Department, Post Graduated School, Yogyakarta State University, ^eEducation of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Sarjana Tamansiswa Yogjakarta, ^fDepartment of Agriculture and Vocational Education, Seoul National University, Email: ^a*asri_widowati@uny.ac.id

Improving teacher quality is crucial in education and remains a challenge in Indonesia. These challenges require teachers to master concepts, technologies, and pedagogics, including the Nature of Science (NoS) for science preservice teachers. While the facts show that an understanding of the NoS is a given in certain subjects, these subjects do not emphasise mastery of the content and its method of teaching. Most students still have difficulty connecting natural phenomena and science, and face challenges in determining the appropriate form of learning technology to represent the object of science being studied. The understanding of NoS of prospective natural science teacher students is still wrong. Thus, it is important to design an educational program for the professional development of teachers. The question is why is the design of the educational program for the professional development of teachers with TPASK-C important? What are the characteristics of the educational program for the professional development of teachers with TPASK-C based on the views of experts and the lecturers?Pages 83 to 93

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Digital Pedagogy in Mathematics Mobile Learning

K Hernawati^a*, Marsigit^b, B Triono^c, ^a,b,cGraduate School, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Colombo Street No. 1, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia, Email: ^a*kuswari@uny.ac.id

Today’s digital age trequires teachers to create a generation that is able to think ahead. Therefore, teachers need to be prepared by strengthening their digital pedagogical competencies so that they are able to design or implement information technology-based learning, while still exploring the values of local wisdom, implementing teaching strategies so that students master 21st century skills like critical, creative, and innovative thinking. Cellular devices are one of the tools that can be used for mathematics mobile learning. Mathematics mobile learning needs to be enacted in digital pedagogy, so that students become active partners in finding and developing their own mathematical knowledge. In doing so, mathematical topics are linked with the real world and integrated with mobile and non-mobile technology. Learning activities would also provide opportunities to connect with fellow students during the learning process through conversation and discussion, and encourage collaboration activities between students and teachers to create new knowledge. Pages 94 to 105

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The Effectiveness of the 21st Century Teaching History Module (21-Cthm) Towards High Order Thinking Skills

Shakila Che Dahalan^a*, Abdul Razaq Ahmad^b, Mohd Mahzan Awang^c, ^a,b,cFaculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Email: ^a*shakila1212ukm@gmail.com

The 21st century teaching history module (21-CTHM) can support  student transformation and learning, and help develop their potential effectively. Secondary schools in Malaysia are still using conventional approaches in teaching and learning history. As a result, students are not interested in studying history due to their poor understanding of it. Thus, this research uses quasi experiment to test and understand the effectiveness of 21-CTHM in improving achievement. The achievement of study refers to Higher Order Thinking Skills in learning history among the students.  The researcher carried out a study on the history subject at four secondary school under the Ministry of Education. The researcher involved 146 students as a sample by purposive and matching sampling. A total of 73 students were chosen as the treatment group and the rest acted as the control group for 14 weeks. The findings show the achievement of students' high order content knowledge. Test questions were also conducted to investigate students' higher-order knowledge, which involved three levels, namely application, analysis and evaluation. The results of the study using multiple ANOVA analysis showed that there were significant differences in application, analysis and evaluation in the control and treatment groups for the pre and post-test. The treatment group using the 21-CTHM achieved greater results in high order thinking skills than the control group, who used the conventional approach in learning history. The implication of this study shows activity and interaction among the members and teachers, Creative, innovative learning using advanced technology in 21-CTHM proves that student achievement increases not only academically, but also in terms of soft skills among the students. Pages 106 to 120

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Applying the Research-Based Outdoor Study on the Climosequent Topic to Improve Scientific Thinking Skills

Dwiyono Hari Utomo^a, ^aPhD Associate Professor, Geography Education Departement, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, East Java, Indonesia, Email: ^adwiyono.hari.fis@um.ac.id

Geographic studies that examine the phenomenon of the geosphere provides opportunities for learning in the field. Geography has provided material objects to undergo natural geomorphic processes. Weathering is one of the geomorphic processes caused by the climate. Climate engenders weathering processes, dissolution, and the removal of material in vertical and horizontal effects on soil properties. Students are directed by research procedures based on the hypothesis that has been formulated to establish scientific thinking skills. This research method uses action research by the Kolb cycle through steps, concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation. The number of students is as many as 40. Student activity starts from the engagement proposal, hypothesis formulation, data collection, discussion, and reporting. Acquisition of scientific thinking skills are exhibited using a test. Results can be described at every step with an analysis using paired t-test between pre-test and post-test. The concrete experience involves students making the determination of point coordinates on a map where Vertisol soil types are identified in the field using GPS. Observation of soil properties as climate effects are confirmed with the hypothesis. Students reflect on the observations and find arguments based on previous knowledge. In relation to abstract conceptualization, students discuss findings supported by literature and journals. Active experimentation involves the scientific thinking skills of students in experimentation experiences regarding the new phenomenon of climate effect on the soil properties. Analysis using paired t-test between pre-test and post-test showed significance at the level of 0.00. Scientific thinking skills can be established by the research-based outdoor study. This means that scientific thinking skills can be improved through a research-based outdoor study in climosequent. Pages 121 to 138

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The Effect of Investment Opportunity Set and Company Growth on Firm Value: Capital Structure as an Intervening Variable

Mochammad Chabachib^a, H Hersugondo^b, Disha Septiviardi^c, Imang Dapit Pamungkas^d*, ^a,b,cUniversitas Diponegoro, ^dUniversitas Dian Nuswantoro, Indonesia, Email: ^d*imangdapit.pamungkas@dsn.dinus.ac.d

This study aims to analyse the effect of firm size, investment opportunity set, sales growth on firm value and capital structure. This study uses secondary data collected from Bloomberg financial data and the Indonesian Stock Exchange website. The data used is in the form of manufacturing company financial statement data during 2014-2018. There are 167 manufacturing companies in Indonesia. The sampling method used in this study was purposive sampling. 120 samples were analysed using multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of hypothesis testing, firm size and sales growth have a positive and significant effect on capital structure. Investment opportunity set has a significant negative effect on capital structure. Firm size, investment opportunity set, and capital structure have a significant positive effect on firm value. Variable sales growth does not have a significant negative effect on firm value. In this study, capital structure can only mediate firm size to firm value. Pages 139 to 156

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Management Method for the Plant Manager of Automotive Parts Manufacturing Plants in Thailand and Overseas

Manop Saengchamnong^a*, Banpot Wiroonratch^b, ^a,bOrganization Development and Human Competency Management, Graduate School of Commerce, Graduate School of Commerce, Burapha University, Email: ^a*manop.sangjumnong.sg@gmail.com

This study aims to identify a model for the effective and efficient management of multiple automotive parts manufacturing plants in Thailand and abroad. The study was conducted by a knowledge search with 19 experts, using the Delphi method. The target group was selected by stratified sampling from the population on LinkedIn (a professional online social group), which included 51,186 samples in total. Sampling was done until the final 121 candidates were selected. They are automotive managers with multiple plant management experience. The candidates were then contacted and 19 responded, which constitutes a group of valid size with a margin of error of 0.50. The group size must comprise of at least 10 persons until the end of the study. In the first round, information was collected by interviews, from which 227 issues were identified. The issues were then used for designing a questionnaire form, which was used to ask the same group of experts to confirm the issues twice. Finally, a set of conclusions were made for a model management system as stated in the goal. It was expected that the results of this study will be useful for the Thai automotive industry in order to expand the production base and operations. Pages 157 to 174

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Multi-functional Governmental Levels: Border Control Management in Customs, Immigration, and Quarantine (CIQ) on the Border between Thailand and Laos in the Northeast of Thailand

Ariya Pongsiri^a, Somsak Srisontisuk^b, Pakdee Phosing^c, ^a,bFaculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, ^cFaculty of Political Science and Public Administration, Rajabhat Mahasarakham University, Thailand, Email: ^aariya.pongsiri@gmail.com,  ^bsomsri4@kku.ac.th,  ^celiti_pana@hotmail.com

This study aimed to propose the joint management of CIQ on border trade and cross-border trade between Thailand and Laos in the northeast of Thailand. Qualitative research was used with in-depth interviews of fifty-six key informants involved with the joint management of CIQ in border trade and cross-border trade between Thailand and Laos in the northeast of Thailand. The research found that the current approaches were both formal and informal. Meetings or forms of cooperation based on institutional structures were not established for joint border management with relevant agencies. Therefore, it could be concluded that the characteristics of CIQ's joint border management in the development of border trade and cross-border trade between Thailand and Laos, as shown in the study, could drive CIQ's collaboration to work efficiently in border trade and cross-border trade between Thailand and Laos in the northeast of Thailand. Common border management features include establishing the Common Control Area (CCA), improving the National Single Window (NSW) system, driving CIQ units as facilitators, developing the service and work process redesign clearly, and creating clear driving mechanisms. The researcher suggested that the establishment of multi-functional governmental levels and units would be an important solution for collaborative policy management.Pages 175 to 194

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“4M 1I”: An Empirical Determination of the Sustainable Cultural Inheritance of Local Thai Wisdom

Khanita Tumphasuwan^a, Arunee Hongsisiwat^b, Pongpun Anuntavoranich^c, ^aTechnopreneurship and Innovation Management, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, ^bEducational Policy, Management, and Leadership,  Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, ^cIndustrial Design, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, Email: khanita.t@cmu.ac.th, arunee.h@chula.ac.th,  p.idchula@gmail.com

Social and economic changes resulting from globalisation has led to the unlimited creation of data. This caused a flow of new information and technology threatening to replace original knowledge. This undoubtedly affects the inheritance of local wisdom, which is a process of transferring knowledge and experiences as well as exchanging ways of life from one generation to another. This causes the gradual loss of much local wisdom. This topic is studied through a literature review of thirty-six related articles on the cultural inheritance of local Thai wisdom and the sample group of 22 skilled craftsmanship, who are entrepreneurs on intellectual products. This is done in order to identify the important factors in the local wisdom inheritance process. Statistics and data comparisons were conducted with one sample T-test. The results demonstrate that four factors related to the sample group with a statistical significance of 0.01 were ritual-belief, integrated participation of every sector, written record of knowledge, and learning centres. In addition, seven factors related to the sample group had statistical significance of 0.05, namely family knowledge transmission, knowledge demonstration, local curriculum, teachers of wisdom, association/working group, information publication, and practice. All of the factors were categorised under 4Ms and 1I (Motive, Morale, Man, Method, and Institution) and a model of the local wisdom inheritance process was established. The main principles driving the model consisted of three sectors, which were senders, the inheritance process, and receivers. Pages 195 to 215

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E-communication and Tourist Loyalty in Travel Business: A Case Study of Nakhon Pathom, Thailand

Supaksiri Prakancharoen^a, ^aTourism Management, International College, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand, Email: ^asupaksiri.pr@ssru.ac.th

This study aims to examine which factors in electronic communication (e-communication) positively affect a tourist’s loyalty toward travel organisations. The sampling group in this research is 400 foreign tourists who travelled to Nakhon Pathom Province from July – September 2019. After analysing the data by the Structural Equation Model method (SEM), the most effective aspects in e-communication help increase value-added for tourist products and business as well as the timeliness of data presentation and searching. However, travel organisations need to make their content on e-communication up to date to build loyalty and increase sales volume for consumers. Pages 216 to 241

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The Capabilities of Science Teachers in Providing Environmental Literacy According to the STSE-Approach for Schools in an Environmentally Impacted Province

Rungtiwa Kongson^a, ^aSchool of Education, University of Phayao, Thailand, Email: ^a*rungtiwa05.s.ppk@gmail.com

This research aims to: (1) study the capabilities of science teachers in providing environmental literacy according to the STSE-Approach for schools in an environmentally impacted province by taking Wiang Kaen Wittayakhom School (Wiang Kaen, Chiangrai) as a case study; and  (2) compare the outcomes of improving science teachers in providing environmental literacy according to the STSE-Approach, as categorised by teaching experience and grades. The research aims to improve the capabilities of science teachers in providing environmental literacy in four dimensions: 1) in-depth knowledge and appreciation in environment, 2) design of learning, 3) the providing of learning activities, and 4) examinating and evaluating learning. The case-study subjects are 8 science and technology teachers of Wiang Kaen Wittayakhom School, Educational Area District 36 (Phayao – Chiangrai), under the Office of the Basic Education Commission. The data was collected by examination and evaluation forms for science teachers. The data was analysed to find mean, standard deviation, and t-test independent. The research indicates that the capabilities of science teachers on providing environmental literacy according to STSE-Approach is at a high level in terms of in-depth knowledge and appreciation of the environment, design of learning, as well as examination and evaluation of learning. The capabilities on providing of learning activities is at a very high level. The data analysis of mean, standard deviation, and t-test independent indicates that science teachers have improved capabilities in providing environmental literacy between the pre and post seminar with a statistical significance of 41.75% to 89.50. Teaching experience and grades do not change the capabilities in providing environmental literacy according to the STSE-Approach. Pages 242 to 259

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Applying Green Criminology to Explain Wildlife Trafficking in Thailand.

Nanrapat Chaiakaraphong^a, Punchada Sirivunnabood^b, ^a,bFaculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University, Thailand, Email: ^ananrapat.c@gmail.com,  ^bpunchada.sir@mahidol.ac.th

Green criminology is an approach used for proving and resolving various environmental crimes. This article aims to present how green criminology can be applied to explain the wildlife trafficking phenomenon in Thailand. In this research, a documentary study was employed, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 58 key informants who had been involved in the prevention and suppression of wildlife trafficking. The findings revealed that wildlife trafficking in Thailand had produced negative impacts in three dimensions: (1) ‘impacts on humans and society’ by which the way of living for Thai people has changed due to relocation for food, the prevalence of wildlife diseases, insecurity in their lives created by crime  related to wildlife trafficking, loss of taxes collected from the legal wildlife trade and a ruined image and reputation in the eyes of the CITES members; (2) ‘impacts on wildlife’ by which Thai wild animals were constantly hunted, injured, threatened and infected by foreign wildlife diseases, and; (3) ‘impacts on environment and ecosystems’ by which Thai ecosystems where wild animals had been hunted, killed and destroyed for wildlife trafficking lost their balance, affecting neighbouring ecosystems and other ecosystems as well. Therefore, humans and society, wildlife, and the environment and ecosystems are all victims of the wildlife trafficking happening in Thailand, based on the concept of green criminology. Pages 260 to 272

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Marketing Mix Factors and Service Quality Factors That Affect Customers’ Decision to Use a Bank Service in Suphan Buri, Thailand

Soraya Supaphol^a, Laddawan Someran^b, Nopmallee Taechawatchananont^c, Kantip Tonyai^d, ^a,b,c,dRajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Thailand, Email: ^asoraya_784@hotmail.com,  ^bnoinoi5202@gmail.com,   ^cnopmallee@gmail.com,  ^dlatdawan.1100@gmail.com

The purpose of this research was to study the level of opinions, quality of mixed marketing, service provision and service usage of a bank in the big province. It is further to study the decision to use a bank service in Suphan Buri Province. The samples were customers who came to use a bank service in Suphan Buri Province. The methodology used to calculate the sample is from Taro Yamane's ready-made table for the sample of 400 people, and random sampling by using questionnaires as a tool for data collection. The data was analysed using statistical software packages. Statistics for data analysis and the statistical analysis tools are frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation and multiple regression analysis. At the statistical significance level of 0.05, the results of the research revealed that respondents had opinions about marketing mixed factors, service quality factors and the decision to use the service. Which overall, was at a high level. The hypothesis testing found that marketing mixed factors are physical characteristics. Products and services, service process, marketing promotion and the distribution channel were affecting the decision to use a bank service in Suphan Buri province. The predictive power was approximately 54.10 percent and service quality factors such as providing confidence to customers, response, reliability, customer care and concrete aspects of the service. These factors all affected the decision to use a bank service in Suphan Buri province. The predictive power was approximately 56.50 percent. Pages 273 to 285

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Quality of Work Life and Organisational Climate Factors Affecting Work Efficiency of SME Business Employees in Suphanburi Province, Thailand

Laddawan  Someran^a, Soraya  Supaphol^b, Niti Choosawat^c, ^a,bRajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Thailand, Email: ^anoinoi5202@gmail.com,  ^bsoraya_784@hotmail.com,  ^cnitichoosawat@gmail.com

Work efficiency is a factor that arises from the mental state of employees. If the quality of working life and the atmosphere of the organisation is good, it allows employees to work productively and brings increases the efficiency of the organisation. This research aims to study the quality of life in a workplace, the organisational climate factors that affect the work efficiency of the SME business employees in Suphanburi Province. The sample consisted of 64 SME business employees in Suphanburi Province, using questionnaires as a data collection tool. The statistics used for the data analysis were mean, standard deviation (SD) and multiple regression analysis. The results of the data analysis revealed that the quality of life at work, the organisational climate, and the work efficiency were rated at a high level. In addition, the hypothesis testing revealed that the quality of work life factors, which were benefits to society, safe and healthy working conditions, security and progress of work, had an impact on work efficiency. Responsibility and acceptance also had a significant effect on work efficiency. Pages 286 to 296

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Corporate Board Attributes and Accounting Conservatism: Evidence from Thai Firms

Surachai Am-ugsorn^a, Jintana Somsoda^b, Sukanya Wonglakorn^c, Laddawan Someran^d, ^a,b,c,dRajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Thailand, Email: ^asudlo2000@hotmail.com,  ^bjintana_nong@hotmail.com,  ^csukanya_su@hotmail.com,  ^dnoinoi5202@gmail.com

The objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between corporate board of directors’ attributes and accounting conservatism of listed companies on the Stock Exchange of Thailand, using a pooled regression model over the period 2014-2018. The 1,855 samples of firm-year observations measuring accounting conservatism were taken using the Basu Model (1997). Our empirical results can be summarised as follows: first, there is a positive association between board duality and accounting conservatism; second, increasing the number of board meetings encourages more conservative reporting in financial statements; and lastly, a higher quantity of an audit committee’s financial expertise increases accounting conservatism. Our findings suggest that boards of directors’ attributes are an important factor in determining the financial reporting quality of Thai firms. Pages 297 to 308

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Efficiency Increase in Storehouse Management: The Case Study of ABC Company Limited

Sutathip Lerdwiwatchaiyaporn^a, Pittayut Kongpoung^b, Laddawan Someran^c, ^a,b,cRajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Thailand, Email: ^aSutathip_kibkae@hotmail.com,  ^bpittayutkongpoung@gmail.comb, ^cnoinoi5202@gmail.com

This research aims to study the storehouse management efficiency of the case study ABC Company Limited. The sample used was 200 employees from the case study company ABC Company Limited. Questionnaires to obtain the data were used as the research tool. Analysis was conducted by descriptive and deductive statistics; percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, f-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation analysis. The study results show that of the 200 respondents, 149 are males (74.5%), 92 respondents are aged between 20-30 years (46.0%), 94 graduated from secondary / vocational / vocational education (47.0%). Regarding incomes, 122 people (61.0%), earn 10 001-20 000 baht per month, and 66 people (33.0%) had worked for the company 5-10 years. The efficiency of storehouse management in the case study ABC Company Limited was at a highest level for these perspectives, respectively; places to store, FIFO system and ABC material management, receiving products with accurate counting and use of a barcode system. The hypothesis testing indicated that differences in gender, age and working period significantly affected storehouse management efficiency in the case study at a statistical level of .05. The efficiency of information storehouse management significantly correlated with the increase of ABC Company’s information storehouse management at a statistical level of .05. The recommendation from the study is that the administrators should focus on the efficiency increase of ABC Company Limited in terms of appropriate storehouse management by using standard materials and managing in the time determined. Pages 309 to 321

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Supervision Model for Enhancing English Language Learning Management Competency of Private School Teachers

Patchanee Daensena^a, Tharinthorn Namwan^b, ^a,bFaculty of Education, Maha Sarakham University, Email: ^apook1975_@hotmail.com,  ^btharinthorn.n@gmail.com

This research was purposed 1) to develop the supervision model for enhancing the English language learning management of private school teachers and 2) to study the results of applying the supervision model for enhancing the English language learning management of private school teachers. The findings revealed 1) the Supervision Model consists of (1) principles of supervision model; (2) objectives of the model; (3) supervision contents; (4) supervision process consisting of planning, conducting supervision, reflecting self-learning management, and supervision evaluation; (5) the evaluation of supervision model; and (6) success conditions. The results of the supervision model for enhancing the English language learning management of private school teachers contained appropriateness, possibility and usefulness, at the highest level. 2) The results of applying the supervision model for enhancing the English language learning management of private school teachers indicated that: (1) the results of the knowledge and understanding tests of teachers in English language learning management was higher than before the supervision was provided; (2) the result of designing lesson plans of the supervising teachers was higher than before the supervision was provided, and, the teachers gained more knowledge; (3) the result of the teachers' satisfaction towards the supervision for enhancing the English language learning management of private school teachers was in the highest level, overall; (4) assessment of students' opinions on English language learning was in the highest level, overall; and (5) the results of the suitability, possibility and usefulness evaluation of the supervision model were in the highest level, overall. Pages 322 to 343

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The Effects of Organisational Support on SMEs’ Perceived Performance:  The Role of Human Resource Development, Innovation, and Information Technology

Chanongkorn Kuntonbutr^a, Natnarong Jaturus^b, Manfred Kulken^c, ^a,bRajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Thanyaburi, Pathumtani, Thailand, ^cWestfalische Hochschule Gelsenkirchen Bocholt Recklinghausen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany, Email: ^achanongkorn_k@rmutt.ac.th,  ^bnatnarong@rmutt.ac.th

The purpose of this quantitative study is to clarify how organisational support and the adoption of information technology (IT) can impact a firm’s performance. In this paper Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) operating in industries were investigated.  This paper focuses on human resources development and information technology which both act as a mediator. Structural Equation Modelling is applied to explain the effects of the multivariable. Our findings reveal that both organisational support and IT do influence firms’ performance through human resources development in small and medium-sized enterprises. The crucial measurement used to address the impacts is innovation arising from human resources development within these firms. Pages 344 to 359

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The Influence of E-Government Adoption and Political Stability on Levels of Happiness: A Panel Study of ASEAN Countries

Amnuay Boonratmaitree^a, Suphattra Yodsurang^b, Chairit Thongrawd^c, Kittisak Jermsittiparsert^d*, ^a,bCollege of Innovation Management, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, ^cCollege of Logistics and Supply Chain, Suansunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand, ^d*Social Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Email: ^d*kittisak.j@chula.ac.th, ^aAM091107@hotmail.com,  ^bbluessky28@gmail.com,  ^cchairit.th@ssru.ac.th, 

E-government is an emerging concept of new technology for the provision of services to the public, resulting in an increase in transparency and efficiency. Political stability means the stability and peaceful conditions of politics and government. Happiness is the state of mind where a person does not experience negativity and is instead full of satisfaction and well-being. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of e-government and political stability on the level of happiness of people, in the presence of two control variables, literacy rate and GDP growth. For the purposes of this research, data has been collected from ASEAN countries over a period of 29 years, from reliable resources. For the purposes of this research, several techniques and tests are used, such as panel unit root tests, panel cointegration tests, coefficient estimation test and the Granger casualty test. As a consequence of these tests, the impact of e-government and political stability, as well as the control variable, GDP growth on peoples’ happiness levels is accepted. While the impact of a control variable, literacy rate is rejected. This study has several benefits and implications related to theoretical, practical and policy making for future researchers, citizens and government. Pages 360 to 374

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The Impact of Citizen Trust, Citizen Disposition and Favourable Social Characteristics on the Adoption of e-Government: Mediating Roles of Perceived Behavioural Control

Sakapas Saengchai^a, Thanaporn Sriyakul^b, Kittisak Jermsittiparsert^c*, ^aFaculty of Humanities and Social Science, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand, ^bFaculty of Business Administration, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Thailand, ^cSocial Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, Email: ^c*kittisak.j@chula.ac.th, ^asakapas.sa@ssru.ac.th,  ^bajbamut@gmail.com

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of citizen trust, citizen disposition and favourable social characteristics on the adoption of e-Government and also examine the mediating role of perceived behavioural control on these relationships. The government employees of Bangkok in Thailand, are the respondents of the study. A survey questionnaire method was used to collect data from the respondents. PLS-SEM technique was used for the analysis of the data. The results highlighted that citizen trust, citizen disposition, and favourable social characteristics have positive impact on the adoption of e-Government. In addition, perceived behavioural control mediates the relationship among the citizen trust and adoption of e-Government, citizen disposition and adoption of e-Government, favourable social characteristics and adoption of e-Government. This study suggests that policymakers should place emphasis on citizen trust, disposition and social characteristics, that enhances the adoption of e-Government in Thailand.Pages 375 to 393

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Customer Perspectives and Demographic Factors Affecting the Demand and Marketing Mix for Grab Taxi Services in Nakhon Ratchasima

Kwunkamol Donkwa^a*, Mongkon Donkwa^b, Bussakorn Noo-udom^c, Narischai Poosud^d, ^aSuranaree University of Technology, Thailand, ^bKhon Kaen University, Thailand, Email: ^a*kwnkamol@sut.ac.th

The target group used in the study is consumers who live in Nakhon Ratchasima province, which is the economic centre of the lower northeastern region in Thailand, aged between 25 - 55 years, both with and without experience in using Grab Taxi service. It was found that Convenience Factor has the highest opinion level, followed by the Factors of Comfort in Communication in response to the Completion of the Customer Value, Cost to Customers, and Customer Caring respectively. Besides, the analysis results showed that different professional demographic factors affected marketing mix factors in the consumer's perspective on cost and success in meeting demand. Pages 394 to 406

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Civic Student Perception of Corruption: An Indonesian Case Study

Subelo Wiyono^a*, Suwarma Al Muchtar^b, Sapriya^c, Udin S. Winataputra^d, ^aPh.D student, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, ^b,c,dProfessor, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Email: ^a*subelo.wiyono@student.upi.edu

Corruption is a challenge that must be resolved in Indonesia. This study aimed to examine the perception of civic education students regarding corruption in Indonesia. Data was collected through an online questionnaire to the civic education student. The results indicated that the roots of corruption in Indonesia involved lifestyle, economic demands, habits, status and position, environment, weak supervision, and history. The act of corruption is hugely detrimental to the state, society, and individuals. Even the worst thing is the declining public trust in the government, which has an impact on the drop of nationalism, moral dissolution, individualism, cynicism, and anti-social behaviour. It is essential to optimise the competency of religious and civic education by further optimising the generation of anti-corruption characters to create smart and good citizens. This research is expected to be the basis for further research on anti-corruption education. Pages 407 to 426

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Microcosmos in the Kakawin Nilacandra: Reference for Hindu Education

Ida Ayu Komang Arniati^a, ^aThe Faculty of Religion and Culture, Indonesia University of Hinduism, Email: ^aarniatikomangidayu@yahoo.com

The purpose of this study is to examine the story in Kakawin Nilacandra. In the Mahabharata epic, Krishna always won in battle. However, Krishna is said to have lost against Nilacandra in Kakawin Nilacandra. Questions: 1) Who is Nilacandra in Kakawin Nilacandra?; 2) What are conveyed through the character of Nilacandra in Kakawin Nilacandra?. This research will be completed using qualitative methods. All data were obtained based on literature studies, collected observative and interviewed with informants. All data were analysed qualitatively using symbol theory and reception theory. The results showed that: 1) Nilacandra in Kakawin Nilacandra was a king from the Kingdom of Nerajadesa; 2) there are microcosm materials delivered through the character Nilacandra in Kakawin Nilacandra about the exemplary of the king, the exemplary of the knight, the exemplary of the religious community, the exemplary creators, the ethics education and the dharma in religious education. Pages 427 to 440

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Ethical Orientation, Ethics Implementation and Company Prospects: A Study of Companies to be Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange

Erni Rusyani^a, Taufani C Kurniatun^b, Obsatar Sinaga^c, ^aUniversitas Pasundan Kota Bandung Indonesia, ^bUniversitas Pendidikan Indonesia Kota Bandung Indonesia, ^cUniversitas Padjadjaran Kota Bandung Indonesia, Email: ^aerniernawan@unpas.ac.id,  ^btaufani7112@gmail.com,  ^cobsatar.sinaga@unpad.ac.id

Ethical orientation and ethics implementation are transparency prospectus in presenting company information; ethics in business is needed to establish the trust of prospective stock buyers. This study discusses the orientation, implementation of ethics and its impact on the prospects of companies going public. The research method applied is a quantitative approach with data collection originating from prospectus companies of prospective issuers published in 2018-2019 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, which are taken randomly. The results showed there was no significant relationship between ethical orientation and ethical implementation of companies going public at 18.9%. Pages 441 to 456

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Multicultural Communication in Interfaith Families in Indonesia

Ujang Saepullah^a*, Obsatar Sinaga^b, Fisher Zulkarnain^c, ^a,cUIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia, ^bPadjajaran University, INDONESIA, Email: ^a*ujang.saefullah@uinsgd.ac.id,  ^bobsatar.sinaga@unpad.ac.id,  ^cfisherzulkarnain@uingd.ac.id

There are relatively many interfaith marriages happened in Indonesia.  In one condition, a Muslim husband has a wife who is a Catholic, Protestant, Buddha, or Hindu, vice versa. In this interfaith family, they interact with each other regardless of their faith and theology barriers. Mutual understanding and respecting their position grow well, so that religious harmony is obviously shown.  This study is intended to find out and analyse (a) self-concept of a different religion family; (b) motives of the interfaith marriages; (c) adaptation process of a different religious family, and (d) communication patterns practised in a family of a different religion.  The study utilised a naturalistic paradigm or interpretative subjective.  Meanwhile, the method used was qualitative (phenomenology).  The results of the study show that (a) there were motives of the marriages: getting their descent, building happy families, economy and future orientation, preventing self from moral degradation; (b) self-concept of the leader of interfaith families are personal self, family self, religious self, moral, ethical self, and social self; (c) adaptation process of the interfaith family was through the following stages: prepare for change, honeymoon, and frustration; and (d) the social communication pattern of the interfaith family with the society who have the same religion, and transcendental communication pattern with God (Allah/Jesus/Gods). This study investigates religion concept, motives, self-concept, communication which is based on theories: phenomenology by Edmund Husserl (1970), interactional by George Herbert Mead and Herbert Blumer, integrated communication, cross-cultural adaptation by Y.Y Kim, and Family Communication Patterns by McLeod and Kafee. Pages 457 to 470

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Optimising the Role of the West Java Provincial Government in Partnering with the Sister Province of Chongqing

Yusep Ginanjar^a, Obsatar Sinaga^b, Taufik Hidayat^c, Akim^d, ^a,b,c,dDepartment of International Relations, Padjajaran University, Bandung, Indonesia, Email: ^aYusep18001@mail.unpad.ac.id,   ^bObsatar.sinaga@unpad.ac.id,  ^cTaufik.hidayat@unpad.ac.id,  ^dakim@unpad.ac.id

The practice of diplomacy that has been transformed into new forms presents sub-state entities as new actors. This is known as the paradiplomacy concept, which is carried out by the Government of West Java within the sister province framework with Chonqing Province. As the main actor in the practice of this type of diplomacy, it is expected that the West Java Government can optimise its role in achieving the objectives of its partnership with Chongqing, particularly in economic aspects. This paper uses qualitative methods and data sources are secondary data collected through library research. The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that can help optimise the role of the West Java Government in the framework of sister province with Chongqing Province. The factors in question include internal factors and external factors. Internal factors include communication, resources, disposition, and policy structures. Last, external factors are Indonesia's security situation and global economic conditions. Pages 471 to 484

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The Teaching of Humanitarian Logistics at University Level

Muhammad Khan^a*,  Amir Ishaque^b, Syed Fahad Ali Shah^c, Arif Hussain^d, Muhammad Zeeshan^e, Junaid Athar Khan^f, Alam Rehman^g, ^aDepartment of Management Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan, ^bAir University School of Management, Air University, Islamabad Pakistan, ^cDepartment of Economics, University of Chitral, Pakistan, ^d,^fInstitute of Business Studies and Leadership, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan, ^eCollege of Business Administration, Liaoning Technical University, Xingcheng, China, ^gNational University of Modern Languages, Pakistan, Email: ^a*muhammadkhan@awkum.edu.pk, ^bamir.ishaque@mail.au.edu.pk, ^csyedfahadali24@gmail.com,  ^darifhussain@awkum.edu.pk,  ^eChina.abobakarmzk1@gmail.com, ^fJunaid@awkum.edu.pk,   ^gamrehman@numl.edu.pk

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Macroeconomic Determinants of Bank Credit: Evidence from Jordan

Khaled Mohammed Al Sawaie^a, ^aAssistant Professor of Economics, Zarqa University, Jordan, Email: ^aksawaie@zu.edu.jo

This paper aims to show the effect of macroeconomics on bank credit through the period 1980 - 2017 in Jordan. Models such as vector error correction and cointegration were used to detect long and short-term bank credit relationships with such macroeconomic variables. It turns out that these variables have strengthened bank credit in Jordan. Hence the existence of a long-term relationship. Pages 501 to 510

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The Meaning of Corporate Social Responsibility as a Legal Obligation in Limited Company Law: An Indonesian Case Study

Dulman^a*, Abdul Rachmad Budiono^b, Iwan Permadi^c, Achmad Syaufi^d, ^a,b,cFaculty of Law, Brawijaya University, Indonesia, ^dFaculty of Law, Lambung Mangkurat University, Indonesia, Email: ^a*dulman.fhub@gmail.com

The purpose of this study is to analyse and determine the meaning of corporate social responsibility as a legal obligation to the company according to Article 74 of Law No. 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies (UUPT). This type of legal research is doctrinal research using the short term (statute and pro) and short concept (conceptual and pro). From the results of the research, it can be found that philosophically the existence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) as stipulated in Article 74 paragraph (1) of Law Number 40 the Year 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. This is very closely related to the goals and functions of the Indonesian state in a form that is expressly stated in paragraph IV of the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, one of which is to advance public welfare. All the Indonesian Nation is guided by Pancasila as the Nation's Life View. The Indonesian people will not be able to achieve the goals they have dreamed of without the noble values that they uphold as a way of life, namely Pancasila. In this case, the implementation of CSR obligations is carried out to realise the objectives and functions of the state under Pancasila. Socially, the existence of CSR is a legal responsibility that is based on the values of benefits that will be accepted by the community. CSR can be used as a means to empower the poor. Even the implementation of CSR to the community through the utilisation of potential social capital can be used as an alternative to empowering the poor in Indonesia. The concept of CSR as referred to in Article 74 is the implementation in Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution. Normalising CSR in Article 74 paragraph (1) of the PT Law which is then strengthened by Decision of the Constitutional Court No. 53/PUU-VI/2008 is a legal obligation accompanied by sanctions. Normalising CSR as a legal obligation accompanied by sanctions for violators is intended not only to regulate (aanvullend recht) but rather to force (dwingend rechr) to give more power to regulate, tie up, and force the responsibility of the company than the original responsibility (non-legal responsibility ) becomes a liability. Pages 511 to 522

The Reflection of Integrity in the Perspective of Tri Kaya Parisudha:  Professionalism Ethics of Auditors at a Public Accountant Firm in Bali

I Gusti Ayu Agung Omika Dewi^a*, Gine Das Prena^b, Gusi Putu Ayu Megumi Paramesti^c, ^a,b,cAccounting Study Program, Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Denpasar, Indonesia, Email: ^a*omikadewi@undiknas.ac.id

The Role of Competitive Advantage in Developing a Handicraft Market in the Context of a Regional Culture: The Case of Dowa Bag Customers in Sleman, D.I. Yogyakarta

R. Adjeng Mariana Febrianti^a, Deden Novan Setiawa Nugraha^b, Rizky Ferrari Oktavian^c, Obsatar Sinaga^d, Widyatama University^a,b, Langlang Buana University^c, Padjadjaran University^d Email: ^aadjeng.mariana@widyatama.ac.id, ^bdeden.novan@widyatama.ac.id, ^crzky.ferrari@unla.ac.id,  ^dobsatar.sinaga@unpad.ac.id

Social Conflict in the Revitalisation Agenda for the Citarum Flood Area, Tarumajaya Village, Kertasari Sub-District, Bandung Regency

Neneng Widya Amellia^a, Arry Bainus^b, Wawan Budi Darmawan^c, Soni A. Nulhaqim^d, ^a,b,c,dUniversitas Padjadjaran, Bandung Indonesia, Email: ^aneneng.widya.amellia@mail.unpad.ac.id,   ^barrybainus@unpad.ac.id,  ^cwawan.budi.darmawan@unpad.ac.id,  ^dsoni.nulhaqim@unpad.ac.id

The Movement Process of the Strategic Approaches for Developing the Ethical Behavior under Project of Observing Five Precepts Village in Buddhism

Phraradrattanalongkorn^a, Ketsada Phathong^b, Sanya Kenaphoom^c, Sompong Kesanuch^d, ^aNongkhai Sangha Provincial Governor Office, Thailand, ^bFaculty of Social Science, Mahachulanglongkornrajjavidyalaya University, Thailand, ^cFaculty of Political Science and Public Administration, Rajabhat Mahasarakham University, Thailand, ^dRajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhum, Thailand, Email: ^aminiketsada@gmail.com,  ^bminiketsada@gmail.com,  ^czumsa_17@hotmail.com,  ^dsompongek@gmail.com

Linking e-Government with Citizen Satisfaction through Transparency, Accountability and Transformation of Government: An Empirical Study in Thailand

Sakapas Saengchai^a, Thanaporn Sriyakul^b, Kittisak Jermsittiparsert^c*, ^aFaculty of Humanities and Social Science, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand, ^bFaculty of Business Administration, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Thailand, ^cSocial Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, Email: ^c*kittisak.j@chula.ac.th, ^asakapas.sa@ssru.ac.th,  ^bajbamut@gmail.com

Women’s Participation in the Economic Growth of Thailand: The Role of Women in Parliament, the Labour Force and Female Literacy Rate

Sakapas Saengchai^a, Thanaporn Sriyakul^b, Kittisak Jermsittiparsert^c*, ^aFaculty of Humanities and Social Science, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Thailand, ^bFaculty of Business Administration, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Thailand, ^cSocial Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, Email: ^c*kittisak.j@chula.ac.th, ^asakapas.sa@ssru.ac.th,  ^bajbamut@gmail.com

Strategies for Private Hospital Business with Risk Diversification in the Innovation Era

Suppanunta Romprasert^a, ^aFaculty of Economics, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand, Email: ^asuppanunta@g.swu.ac.th

Model Development of a Seamless Health Service System for a Multidisciplinary Health Area: Cardiovascular Disease

Somrak Sirikhetkon^a, Somsak Amornsiriphong^b, ^a,bFaculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University, Thailand, Email: ^asowonsomrak143@gmail.com,  ^bsomsak.amo@mahidol.ac.th

À la Carte Menu Analysis through Menu Engineering Method at Red Lado Restaurant Kyriad Hotel, Bumi Minang Padang

Lise Asnur^a*, Reno Yelpi^b, Weni Nelmira^c, Unung Verawardina^d, ^a,b,cFakultas Pariwisata dan Perhotelan, Universitas Negeri Padang, Prof. Dr. Hamka Street, Air Tawar Bar, Kec. Padang Utara, Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat 25132, Indonesia, ^dPendidikan Teknologi Informasi dan Komputer, Fakultas Pendidikan Matematika, Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Teknologi IKIP PGRI Pontianak, Pontianak, Indonesia, Email: a*lise.asnur@fpp.unp.ac.id

Developing Traditional Batik Businesses in Jarorejo Village, Kerek District, Tuban Regency, East Java

Adjeng Mariana Febrianti^a, Deden Novan Setiawan Nugraha^b, Rizky Ferrari Oktavian^c, Obsatar Sinaga^d, Widyatama University^a,b, Langlang Buana University^c, Padjadjaran University^d, Email: ^aadjeng.mariana@widyatama.ac.id, ^bdeden.novan@widyatama.ac.id, ^crzky.ferrari@unla,ac.id,  ^dobsatar.sinaga@unpad.ac.id

Crafting Agile Bureaucracy: Transforming Work Ethics of Civil Servants and Organisational Culture of Bureaucracy in Indonesia

Rulinawaty^a, Lukman Samboteng^b, Sofjan Arifin^c, Hasanuddin^d, ^a,cDepartemen of Public Administration, Universitas Terbuka, Indonesia, ^bDepartemen of Adminisrative Science, Politeknik STIA LAN Makassar, ^dDepartemen of Communication Studies, Universitas Terbuka, Indonesia, Email: ^aruly@ecampus.ut.ac.id,  ^arulinawaty@yahoo.co.id,  ^blukmansamboteng@yahoo.co.id,  ^csofjan@ecampus.ut.ac.id,  ^dhasanuddin-ut@ecampus.ut.ac.id

Smart Learning Media Based on Android Technology

Dony Novaliendry^a*, Resmi Darmi^b, Yeka Hendriyani^c, Mohamed Nor Azhari Azman^d, ^a,b,cDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia, ^dFaculty of Technical and Vocational, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia, Email: ^a*dony.novaliendry@ft.unp.ac.id

Design Theories and Their Relationship to the Applied and Directing Field of Contemporary Graphic Art

Dina Mohammed Inad^a, ^aIraq, University of Baghdad / Department of student activities , Email: ^akamrdi@yahoo.com