Vol 5 Iss 5

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Inheritance of the Customary Norms of Informal Education in the Tengger Community of Ngadas Village, East Java, Indonesia

Zulkarnain¹, Kukuh Miroso Raharjo²

^{1 2}Departement of Nonormal Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia

Email: ¹Zulkarnain.fip@um.ac.id, ²Kukuh.raharjo.fip@um.ac.id

Customary norms are passed on to the younger generation in the Tengger community of Ngadas Village through informal education. Informal education is experiential, and runs spontaneously. The purpose of this research is to describe the process of inheriting customary norms through informal education to shape the behaviour of social order for the next generation of Tengger Village Ngadas. Qualitative research is used in descriptive case studies. The research case study illustrates that families inherit customary norms to shape social order behaviour. Conclusion: first, the inheritance of custom is carried out by the community through "tinular speech" or hereditary in the family to their offspring. One of the inheritances of customary norms is informal education, parents give direct examples to their children customary norms that exist in the village, so that children know and understand. Second, the norms in society are implemented jointly in the community, and custom is practiced by each individual in his family. Pages 1 to 14

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The Andragogy-Based Learning Model to Increase Functional Literacy Learning Motivation

Abdul Hamid Isa

Department of Non-formal Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo, Indonesia

Email: Abdhamid_ung@yahoo.co.id

The objective of this study was describing and finding out: (1) the objective condition that motivates learners at functional literacy of PKBM Pengayoman at the Correctional Facility, Gorontalo; (2) the conceptual model of andragogy-based functional literacy to increase functional literacy learners’ motivation, (3) implementation of andragogy-based  functional literacy learning model to increase the motivation of the learners, and (4) effectiveness of the andragogy-based learning model to increase the learning motivation of the learners. This was a research and development study with a descriptive qualitative and quantitative approach. This study was implemented at PKBM Pengayoman of the Correctional Facility, Gorontalo. The subject of this study was 10 functional literacy learners (1 group). The study found implementation of this functional literacy learning model was tried through the stages of: (1) planning; (2) implementation; (3) assessment/evaluation; and (4) development of the andragogy-based functional literacy. Pages 15 to 25

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 The STEAM Integrated Panca Pramana Model in Learning Elementary School Science in The Industrial Revolution Era 4.0

I Gede Astawan¹, Dewa Nyoman Sudana², Nyoman Kusmariyatni³, I Gusti Ngurah Japa⁴

Department of Primary Education, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Indonesia

Email: ¹igedeastawan@yahoo.com, ²dewanyoman.sudana@undiksha.ac.id, ³nyoman.kusmariyatni@undiksha.ac.id, ⁴ngrjapa_pgsd@yahoo.co.id

Education in general, and science education in particular, have close links with culture. This can be seen from the function of education, which is empowering human potential to inherit and develop future cultures and civilisations. Until now, science education in Indonesia has tended to be adopted from the western model. The science curriculum that applies in formal schools, starting from Kindergarten, Elementary School to College, is adopted based on western culture. This shows the independence of the Indonesian people in science education. As a result of the practice of education that adopts western culture-style education that does not necessarily fit the style of the nation's own culture, it has been proven to succeed in forming a generation that is less confident, inferior and infatuated with western culture. Other impacts can be seen from the still low quality of the Indonesian Human Resources. The innovative idea offered in this paper is the STEAM integrated panca pramana model. Pages 26 to 39

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Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Smart-Resilience Interventions for Middle School Students: A Pilot Study

Kadek Suranata¹, Ketut Susiani², Eko Susanto³, Yuni Novitasari⁴

¹Department of Guidance and Counseling, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Indonesia, ²Departmen of Elementary School Education, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Indonesia,

³Department of Guidance and Counseling, Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro, Indonesia

Email:¹kadek.suranata@undiksha.ac.id, ²ketut.susiani@undiksha.ac.id, ³ekobk@ummetro.ac.id, ⁴yunibk@ummetro.ac.id

This pilot study  aims at evaluating the effectiveness and feasibility of the SMART-Resilience program for secondary school students. The control trial experiment design conducted involved a total of 72 secondary school students in the Province of Bali. Resilience data was obtained using the 14 items of Indonesian resilience scale. The six items of acceptability and feasibility questions on the Likert’s model was used to conduct the experimental group participant perception to the program, and an interview with the counsellor facilitator of the program. Data of the effectiveness of the SMART-Resilience intervention were analysed with ANCOVA and was performed by the JASP program.  The results of this study showed that: (1) the SMART-Resilience of psycho-education showed consistent effectiveness in increasing the students resilience in one week and for weeks after these sessions were terminated; and (2) the program was positive and high feasibility from students and counsellor  facilitator. Pages 40 to 59

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Professional Identity of Middle School Counsellors in East Java, Indonesia, and the Development Efforts

Lutfi Fauzan

Guidance and Counselling, Universitas Negeri Malang

Email: lutfi.fauzan.fip@um.ac.id

The development level of professional identity of guidance and counselling officers in public middle schools is the main research problem in this study. The quantitative descriptive research design using a survey method. Two data collection instruments were developed which were analyszed descriptively and the results were compared. The results show that there are level differences between self-perceptions obtained through instrument one and an assessment based on performance scale inventory obtained through instrument two. Based on these results, it is discussed the possible causes are discussed and level differences and their impact on service quality and the relationship between psychological assisting professions and other school personnel. Those issues mentioned above are discussed with the contribution of the idea on how the solution strengthens the professional identity of school counsellors from pre-service education, practice to organiszational. Pages 60 to 72

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Aspects of Guidance and Counselling in the Pembe’atan Tradition of Gorontalo, Indonesia

Maryam Rahim¹, Mardia Bin Smith², Rizky Abas³

Department of Guidance and Counselling, State University of Gorontalo, Indonesia

Email: ¹maryamrahim@ung.ac.id, ²mardiasmith@ung.ac.id, ³rizkyabas21@gmail.com

The research question is, what are the values contained in the tradition of cultural pembe’atan Gorontalo? It aims to determine the values of counselling and guidance contained on thepembe’atan tradition. A qualitative method is applied by having 6 informants consisting of 1 traditional figure, 2 stakeholders, 1 doctor (male nurse), and 2 teenagers. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation and documentation. The research applied data triangulation. The findings of the values are: (a) personal aspect, during be'at to change their personalities for the better, (b) social aspect, so that adolescent social behaviour is for the better, (c) learning aspect, to understand the importance of learning and to have high motivation in learning, (d) career aspect, to make them understand the importance of work, (e) comprehension aspect, for teens understand themselves better, and (f) development function aspect, suggested for making behaviour developed after be'at, and from the aspect of self-adjustment function, adjust positively with their friends after be'at procession. Pages 73 to 96

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Technology Approaches to School Supervision: The Way to Improve School Supervision Practice in Remote/Disadvantaged Areas

Ikhfan Haris¹, Fory A. Naway, Wiwy T. Pulukadang

Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia

Email: ¹ifanharis@ung.ac.id

This paper explores a review of using  Information Communication Technology (ICT) to improve the quality of school supervision practices in remote/disadvantaged areas from the national and international perspective. The recent manuscript was the result of a literature review of the International Research Collaborative and Scientific Publication, which was undertaken by one of UNG’s researcher teams under the RISTEK-DIKTI scheme funding. The paper will be focused on the approaches of technology to school supervision that have been applied by other countries, as well as in Indonesia, that may be applicable for school supervision in Indonesia’s 3T or special regions. In addition, the paper will examine and provide information on approaches to school supervision for remote, disadvantaged and border/outlying areas utilised in other countries and it may be adopted or adapted to the unique environment in the ‘3T’ areas in Indonesia. Pages 97 to 107

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Evaluation of the Implementation of an Acceleration Class Program at Junior High School

Fory A. Naway¹, Arwildayanto², Sri Asta Nini³,

Department of Education Management, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia

Email: ¹forynawai@ung.ac.id, ²arwildayanto@ung.ac.id, ³sri.asta@gmail.com

The purpose of this research is to investigate the objective of the planning, the objective of the implementation, and the objective of the evaluation of the acceleration class program. This quantitative descriptive study employed a Goal-Oriented Evaluation model. The data were collected by a questionnaire and documentation. The data were further analysed descriptively using a percentage formula. The results show that the planning, implementation, and evaluation objectives of the acceleration class program are categorised as very good. In regards to the evaluation of acceleration class implementation, this study proposes recommendations that the implementation of the acceleration class program in junior high school SMPN 8 Gorontalo should be continued since the program has been well-implemented; further research is expected to investigate other indicators regarding the implementation of the acceleration class; this is to provide meaningful contributions to schools, and teachers in the acceleration class significantly determining the success of the program. Pages 108 to 123

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Portfolio Assessment Trial on Learning of Citizenship in Elementary School

Richard D. H. Pangkey, Rommy Mongdong

Primary Education Department, Universitas Negeri Manado

richardpangkey@unima.ac.id

This research is background by the field’s fact which indicates the decreasing of Indonesian educational quality recently and also the criticism from society and educational observer to the civic Education (PKN) material which is less ‘Praxis’ contents and rather politically and indoctrination tools oriented. These matters give the impression of a stiff learning method in the teaching and learning process; less flexibility, less democratic and tend to be teacher oriented. So, it is necessary to create a learning method which can stimulate and challenge the students to increase their capability. Among others, by applying the Portfolio Assessment on the civic Education Lesson. Through an experimental method on a three times research sample test (RPP 01, RPP 02 and RPP 03) by applying a Comparative Test (t – test), it resulted in a very significant differentiation between before and after the learning process. This has led to the idea that there is a capability differentiation before and after a civic Education learning process with an applying of a Portfolio Assessment. One conclusion that can be drawn that based on the experimental research test result, is that it can be surely confirmed that the application of Portfolio Assessment in the civic Education Learning Process had shown an increase of students’ capability at SD GMIM Sonder. Pages 124 to 135

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 Adlerian Group Counselling to Improve Student’s Self–Efficacy

Ariantje J. A. Sundah
Department of Guidance Counselling, Manado State University, Manado, Indonesia
Email: juariansundah@gmail.com

This research was carried out with counselling through the group counselling of the Adlerian approach with the aim of increasing low self-efficacy in middle school students. This study was conducted in Waleo State Middle School for approximately six months in the academic year of 2018/2019. There were eight students involved in this research. The design used in this research is counselling action research, carried out in stages, namely: planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The action was carried out for two sessions with eight meeting sessions, according to the steps of Adlerian counselling. The results of this study indicate that there was a significant increase in self-efficacy in the research subjects after going through the Adlerian group counselling action. Pages 136 to 146

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Improving Poetry Reading Skills in Grade V Elementary School Students using the Emotive Approach

Margaritje Aliney Tamara¹, Risal Maykel Merentek²

Primary Education Department, Faculty of Education, Manado State University, Manado, North Sulawesi

Email: ¹margaritjetamara@gmail.com, ²risalmerentek@unima.ac.id

This research is based on the background of the emergence of the attitude of students who are impressed as they are in reading poetry, it means that students were not able to read poetry with regard to aspects of intonation, pronunciation, appreciation and appearance. This research is used to answer two main problems, how students are able to understand, appreciate the content or meaning of poetry and how students improve their poetry reading skills. The research design used is classroom action research designed by Kemmis and McTaggart. The results showed that students were able to improve their poetry reading skills using the Emotive Approach. The results of the first cycle of mastery learning classically show that students’ skills reached 59.44%, and increased significantly in the second cycle reaching 92.22%. On the other hand, the results of this study have an impact and generate the emotive power of students. Pages 147 to 158

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The New Paradigm of Leadership at Elementary Schools in Borneo in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 Era

Rizky Amelia¹, Ahmad Suriansyah², Aslamiah³, Ngadimun⁴

Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Email: ¹rizkyamelia@ulm.ac.id, ^{2a.suriansyah@yahoo.co.id}, ³aslamiah@ulm.ac.id, ^{4ngadimun@ulm.ac.id}

The school headmaster as a leader in schools is required to have digital skills, as required of both technical and managerial workers in all fields during the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. This study uses a qualitative method that aims to determine and describe the leadership of headmasters in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in elementary schools in the city of Banjarmasin. Data collection using interviews, observation, and documentation techniques was conducted. Study results from several elementary schools showed that there was an increase in the need for analytical non-routine skills and interactive non-routine skills, whereas the needs of cognitive routine, non-routine manual and manual routine skills have decreased. The headmaster's leadership, following the development of technology, must exhibit skills in influencing, encouraging, guiding, directing, and moving others who are related to the implementation and development of education and teaching in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0. Pages 159 to 173

The Strategy of Religious-Based Character Education in Early Childhood Education

Celia Cinantya¹, Ahmad Suriansyah², Asniwati³, Aslamiah⁴

Early Childhood Education Teacher Education, Lambung Mangkurat University

Email: ^{1celly3149@gmail.com}, ^{2a.suriansyah@yahoo.co.id}, ^{3asniwati@ulm.ac.id}, ⁴aslamiah@ulm.ac.id

Character education is very important in early childhood because children are valuable assets for the nation and are the future of the Indonesian people. This study aims to determine and describe the religious-based character education strategy in the Integrated Islamic Early Childhood Education Sabilal Muhtadin in Banjarmasin. The study uses descriptive qualitative methods by collecting data using interview techniques, observation, and documentation studies. The data was validated for the criteria of credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. In this research, the foundations used by the school are Al-Qur'an, As-Sunnah and Pancasila which aim to develop individual students who believe and devote to Allah SWT and have characters that follow the teachings of Islam. The strategies used include assignment, direction, habituation, role models and environmental conditioning. Pages 174 to 189

Religious Scientific Learning Based on Sentra in School

Novitawati¹, Nurul Ulfatin², Imron Arifin³, Aslamiah⁴

Departement of Educational Management, Universitas Negeri Malang

Email: ^{1nophqta@yahoo.co.id}, ^{2nurul.ulfatin.fip@um.ac.id}, ^{3Imron.arifin.fip@um.ac.id}, ⁴aslamiah@ulm.ac.id

The development of schools on a religious basis is experiencing rapid increase, especially in kindergarten education. Parent awareness of the importance of the early in life introduction of religious values ​​ is one of the reason for this. It is necessary to have appropriate preparation for learning activities in kindergarten age children, through religious scientific learning at the sentra. The application of scientific learning in such a way is very appropriate for children of kindergarten age because every step of the learning stimulates children in various aspects of child development, while religious learning is applied to children due to the importance of developing religious and moral values ​​to children from an early age so that they grow and develop as a whole, both in terms of knowledge as well as moral human beings who in accordance with their religion. Pages 190 to 203

Empowerment of ‘English Club’ to influence Students Achievement in Speaking

Ngadimun¹, Ratna Purwanti², Ahmad Suriansyah³, Maimunah⁴

Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Email: ^{1ngadimun@um.ac.id}, ^{2ratna.purwanti@ulm.ac.id}, ^{3a.suriansyah@yahoo.co.id}, ^{4ratnaulm@gmail.com}

This study aims to describe the empowerment of English Club for students’ achievement in speaking English, for sixth-semester students of PG-PSD at Lambung Mangkurat University. This study is conducted by using a qualitative approach. The conclusion of this study is that the English Club at PG-PSD of Lambung Mangkurat University allows for the empowerment of organization programs where students can learn English outside the classroom. It supports students to join the SEA Teacher program in the Philippines. It also supports the teaching-learning speaking process in the classroom directly; especially on the component of speaking. It can be seen from the student's speaking achievement; most students can achieve a high score for each component of speaking or get an excellent score; few students achieve a ‘good’ category score. Pages 204 to 216

Trends of Forgiveness in Adolescents who have experienced Emotional Violence by Parents

Anne Hafina^a*, Nandang Budiman^b, Yulia Nur Tazmala^c,

^a,b,cEducational Psychology and Guidance Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia,

Email: annehafina@upi.edu

This research was conducted to obtain an empirical picture of forgiveness in adolescents who experience emotional abuse by parents and its implications for guidance and counseling. This study used a quantitative approach with a descriptive method. The sample used in this study were 39 adolescents who experienced emotional violence in SMP Negeri 14 Bandung Academic Year 2018/2019 during class of eight.  Data was collected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection used the Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivation-18 (TRIM-18) instrument that was tested for its validity and reliability. The research findings show that forgiveness in adolescents who experience emotional abuse by parents tends to be in the moderate category. The implication of this study is the development of a mentoring and personal-social counseling program to increase forgiveness in adolescents who experience emotional violence by parents. Pages 217 to 231

The Relationship between Self-Actualization Needs and Work Discipline with the Performance in Barito Kuala, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abu Sofian¹, Bambang Budi Wiyono², Wahjoedi³, Achmad Supriyanto⁴,

^{1 2 4}Department of Educational Management, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia

³Department of Accounting, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia

Email: ^{1yan.alfarisi@yahoo.com}, ^{2bambang.budi.fip@um.ac.id}, ^{3wahjoedi.fe@um.ac.id}, ⁴achmad.supriyanto.fip@um.ac.id 

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the need for self-actualization and work discipline in the context of Madrasah Aliyah (MA) teacher performance in Barito Kuala Regency. This research is a descriptive correlational research with a quantitative approach. Data analysis techniques using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), employed Software Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS). The results showed: (1) there is a direct relationship between the need for self-actualization and teacher work discipline, (2) there is a direct relationship between self-actualization needs and teacher performance, (3) there is a direct relationship between work discipline and teacher performance. Pages 232 to 243

Indigenous Education in Indonesian - Traditional Families Migrant Workers Abroad: From Mothering to Parenting and Schooling for Educational Design

Nurul Ulfatin¹, Amat Mukhadis², Maisyaroh³, Ahmad Yusuf Sobri⁴,

Department of Educational Administration, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia

Email: ¹nurul.ulfatin.fip@um.ac.id, ²amat.mukhadis.ft@um.ac.id, ³maisyaroh.fip@um.ac.id, ⁴ahmad.yusuf.fip@um.ac.id

The purpose of this study is to explore indepth indigenous values from traditional communities in order to improve children's educational design services. Qualitative phenomenology methods are used to explore the experiences of families and relatives of Indonesian workers who work abroad regarding caring for and guiding and facilitating their children's educational needs. Data was collected through indepth interviews and direct observation of 30 families of migrant workers who have children attending primary and secondary schools. Cross-site analysis is used to construct propositions that refer to theoretical designs about traditional indigenous society. Pages 244 to 255

The Development of a Career Guidance Program with a Modelling Technique to Improve Student Career Awareness

Amin Budiamin^a*, Juntika Nurihsan^b, Elsa Keumala^c,

^a,b,cEducational Psychology and Guidance Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia, Email: abudiamin@upi.edu

The purpose of this study is to generate a career guidance program with the modelling technique to improve student career awareness. The research and development approach was conducted through several steps, namely: needs assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation, and follow-up of the program. The data analysis technique used was the paired sample t-test to determine the impact of the program. The participants are students in the fifth grade of Al-Fityan elementary school in Aceh, in the academic year of 2017/2018 and whom were selected using purposive sampling. The self-developed career awareness instrument was designed in the Likert scale with a coefficient reliability of 0.800. The findings of the research stated that the main indicator of a successful program evaluation is the improvement of the level of career awareness in students. This research concludes that the program of career guidance, which used the modelling technique, is effective to improve the awareness of students regarding their prospective future career choices. Pages 256 to 270

Implementation of an Innovation Supervision Program by a Principal

Ali Murtadlo^a*, Ahmad Sonhadji^b, Ibrahim Bafadal^c, Nurul Ulfatin^d

Postgraduate Program of  Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia^a,b,c,d

Email: m.ali.1301329@student.um.ac.id; m_ali_murtadlo@yahoo.com

This research aimed to describe the innovation of academic supervision undertaken by a principal. This study used the qualitative approach with a case study design. The research has been conducted since August 2015 in the Darul Ulum Elementary School, an elementary school with Islamic boarding in Indonesia. The research data was obtained through observation, interview, and documentation study. The data analysis was carried out through the stages of reduction, presentation, verification, and conclusion. Checking the validity or the correctness of the data in this research was undertaken by using four criteria: credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The research results show that the principal conducts innovative supervision through three stages: pre-supervision, implementation, and following up. The result of the following up proves that the teacher’s skill in conducting learning is improving. This case is known through the supervision process, completed in the next stage. Pages 271 to 284

Experiential Learning Model based on Creative Thinking in Learning to Write Narrative Texts

Fahrurrozi¹, Ratna Sari Dewi², Reza Rachmadtullah³

¹ Jakarta State University. Indonesia

² Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University. Indonesia

³ PGRI Adi Buana University Surabaya.Indonesia

Email: fahrurrozi@unj.ac.id, reza@unipasby.ac.id

Development of Creative Game Models Through Natural Media

Muhammad Akil Musi¹, Rusmayadi, Yusri Bachtiar

Faculty of Science Education, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Indonesia

Email: ¹akrimna@yahoo.co.id

Gender Equality and Women’s Participation in the Development of the Tourism Village in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0

Mintarsih Arbarini¹, Liliek Desmawati², Emmy Budiartati³,
Department of Nonformal Education, Universitas Negeri Semarang Semarang, Indonesia
Email: ¹mintarsih@mail.unnes.ac.id, ²liliekdes@mail.unnes.ac.id, ³emmy.budiartati@mail.unnes.ac.id

The Effectiveness of a Women’s Empowerment Model

Through Social Entrepreneurship Training to Strengthen a Tourism Village Program

Tri Suminar¹, Emmy Budiartati², Dewi Anggraeni³
Department of Nonformal Education, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia
Email: ¹tri.suminar@mail.unnes.ac.id, ²emmy.budiartati@mail.unnes.ac.id, ³anggra97.eni@gmail.com  

The Impact of Non-Formal Education in Community Development: A Case Study in Pati, Indonesia

Fakhruddin¹, Imam Shofwan²

Nonformal Education Lecture at the Faculty Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang 50229, Central Java, Indonesia

Email: ¹fakhruddin@mail.unnes.ac.id, ²ishofwan@mail.unnes.ac.id

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The Implementation of Blended Learning Based Realistic Mathematics Education in Mathematics Teaching

Elok Fariha Sari¹, Nursiwi Nugraheni², Siti Maryatul Kiptiyah³

Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia

Email: ¹elok_pgsd@mail.unnes.ac.id, ²nursiwi@mail.unnes.ac.id,³maryaqibtiy@mail.unnes.ac.id

This study aims to understand the result of the implementation of a blended learning based realistic mathematics education (RME). The method used in this research is experiment research that compares the study results of the students using a blended learning based RME with a conventional model. The blended learning based RME affects the cognitive study results of the students in the elementary school mathematic study, evident from the result of the significance test calculation of the Mann Whitney test with a score of Asymp. Sig. is 0.000. The implementation of a blended learning based RME is proven to be more effective in increasing the study results than a conventional model. The N-gain percentage of the experiment class at 60.95 per cent was included in the ‘quite effective’ category, while control class at only 25.67 per cent was included in the ‘not effective’ category. Pages 353 to 361

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Constructivism Approach in Science Learning

Roos M. S. Tuerah
Departement of Elementary School Teacher Education, Universitas Negeri Manado,  Indonesia

email: roostuerah@unima.ac.id

The aims of this study were to determine the effect of the constructivist approach to the science learning of material based on human respiration. This study uses the classroom research method and is completed across several stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the research were fifth grade students of the elementary school, Inpres 4/82 Walian.  The data collection in the study used two assessments: namely, observation and the assessment sheet.  The progress and improvement obtained during the two-cycle learning process shows that through the implementation of constructivism approaches in the science subject, it can improve learning outcomes. This study concluded that the constructivism learning approach had a positive influence on science learning. Pages 362 to 376

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 Lifelong Learning Through A Gender-Responsive Family Education (Grfe) Program

Rezka Arina Rahma¹, Ach. Rasyad², Nurhadi³, Zulkarnain⁴
Department of Non Formal Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
Email: ¹rezka.rahma.fip@um.ac.id, ²ach.rasyad.fip@um.ac.id, ³nurhadi.fip@um.ac.id, ⁴zulkarnain.fip@um.ac.id

Gender-Responsive Family Education (GRFE) is an activity of sharing knowledge, insight, and comprehension about the right and obligation, role, position, and responsibility between males and females to meet the gender fairness and equality in the family. The objective of this study is to upgrade families through education by providing knowledge, insight, and comprehension of gender in the family. This study was conducted in the SKB Nganjuk Regency by using the quantitative approach with a correlational research design to identify the influence of the Gender-Responsive Family Education (GRFE) program on the families residing in the SKB Nganjuk Regency. The results of this study found the technical implementation of Gender-Responsive Family Education. The packaged material was delivered using discussion or simulation. Furthermore, the implications of Gender-Responsive Family Education was identified from the perspectives of education, self, family, social society, health and politics. Pages 377 to 393

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E-Learning Based On ‘Joomla!’ To Improve the Learning Results of Social Studies Content in Primary School

Farid Ahmadi¹, Shinta Pamelia Maharani²

Primary School Teacher Education, State University of Semarang, Indonesia

Email: ¹farid@mail.unnes.ac.id, ²shintapamelia@gmail.com

The Social Studies learning outcomes in primary school are not optimal. This research aims to develop e-learning based on the Joomla! platform to increase the learning result of Social Studies completed in the fifth grade. The research and development (R&D) undertaken used the ADDIE development model. The research subjects were 38 students in the fifth grade of a public elementary school. The data collection methods used were observation, questionnaire, interview, documentation, and test. The data analysis techniques used were preliminary data analysis, t-test, n-gain test, and the average improvement of the skill. The research results showed that e-learning, based on Joomla! media, was feasible for use. E-learning based on Joomla! media was effective towards the learning outcomes with the average differences using the t-test being 14.353, and the n-gain being 0.59, in the medium criteria. The conclusion of this study is e-learning based on Joomla! media is effective towards improving the Social Studies learning outcomes of students in the fifth grade. Pages 394 to 405

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Does Indonesian Curriculum Studies Exist?

Edi Subkhan
Department of Curriculum and Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia
Email: edi.subkhan@mail.unnes.ac.id

In order to develop an appropriate curriculum design in which it is responsive to the uniqueness of the social context, its problems and challenges, curriculum studies should be well developed. Unfortunately, in the Indonesian context, curriculum studies seem stagnant because of many problems. In this article, I combine literature review and an ethnographic method to collect and analyse the information from numerous resources; primarily, several works on curriculum and teacher college as a site of the research. I briefly elucidate the presumption of the curriculum as a legal product — not an academic product — and the lack of intellectual tradition within teacher colleges have become the main factors of why curriculum studies cannot evolve optimally in the Indonesian context. These problems should be overcome by the government, the top management of the teacher colleges and the lecturers themselves — especially those concerned with curriculum studies. Pages 406 to 420

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The Challenge of School Operational Assistance Management in Elementary Schools

Hadiyanto¹, Shelvie Famella², Bambang Budi Wiyono³
Departement of Educational Administration, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia
Email: ¹hadiyanto@fip.unp.ac.id, ²Shelviefz92@gmail.com, ³bambudi2007@yahoo.com

The Government of Indonesia seeks to improve the service and quality of education by providing School Operational Assistance (Bantuan Operasional Sekolah/BOS). This research was conducted in elementary schools in the Kampar Regency. Data was obtained through interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the analysis and discussion concluded that there were several obstacles in the management of BOS.  The data was collected by interview and documentation methods, which were analysed by qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the management of BOS at the elementary school was in accordance with the Ministry of Education and Culture No. 03 of 2019, concerning the Technical Guidelines for the Use of School Operational Assistance. In contrast, not all school elements have been involved and there is still a lack of supervision of the program. It is suggested that management of BOS needs to be improved more transparently and accountably though e-budgeting. Pages 421 to 432

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Character Education for the 21st Century in Developing the Careers of Children with Special Needs in the Vocational Inclusive School

Mega Iswari¹, Nurhastuti², Zulmiyetri³,

Department of Special Education, Universitas Negeri Padang

Email: mega_iswari@yahoo.com¹, hastuti.plb@gmail.com², zulmiyetri@fip.unp.ac.id³

This research aims to study and compile data that is comprehensive and ranges from the new data and actual data integrated on character education in developing the careers of children in need of special vocational education. Subsequently, a process of verification and the validation of data is performed to identify where children in need of special vocational schools are, including possessing a good character in the development of his or her career as a blind, deaf, or autistic child. They are capable of learning to follow suit with their talent and interest in achieving careers in the future. Character education has always been integrated in every learning process in school, whether in being honest, working, responsible, confident, perseverant, and meticulous, among others. External research during the first year comprised a learning implementation plan and the integrated learning materials on character education for individual learning in vocational secondary schools as inclusive education providers in the City of Padang. Pages 433 to 447

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 Students’ Learning Outcomes Using Problem-Based Learning and Discovery Learning Models in Thematic Integrated Learning

Mai Sri Lena¹, Nurul Hilmi², Nira Elviana Zekri³, Netriwati⁴, Risda Amini^{5
1 2 3 5}Elementary School Teacher, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia, ⁴Mathematics Education, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan, Indonesia
Email: ¹maisrilena@fip.unp.ac.id, ²nurulhilmi243@gmail.com, ³niraelviana178@gmail.com, ⁴netriwati@radenintan.ac.id, ⁵risdaamini@fip.unp.ac.id

The aim of this study is to compare students’ learning outcomes in thematic integrated learning using problem-based learning and discovery learning models. This was a comparative study. The sample of this research was 43, grade four students in selected elementary schools. A test was used to collect the data. The results of data analysis were produced using a simple statistic and showed that the value of the students’ learning results using the problem-based learning model was 89.51, while it was 89.50 using the discovery learning model.  It can be concluded that both the problem-based learning and the discovery learning models can improve students’ learning outcomes in thematic integrated learning in elementary schools. The difference in the students’ learning outcomes and between the learning models was not significant because the models are cooperative learning models. Pages 448 to 457

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The Mathematical Connection Ability of Elementary School Students in the 4.0 Industrial Revolution Era

Ary Kiswanto Kenedi¹, Syafri Ahmad², Sofiyan³, Tia Ayu Ningrum⁴, Yullys Helsa^{5
1 2 5}Departement of Primary School Teacher Education, Universitas Samudra, Indonesia, ³Departement of Mathematical Education, Universitas Samudra, Indonesia, ⁴Educational Administration/ Managemnet Study Program, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia
Email: ¹arykenedi@gmail.com, ²syafriahmad@fip.unp.ac.id, ³sofyan@unsam.ac.id, ⁴tiaayuningrum@fip.unp.ac.id, ⁵yullys@fip.unp.ac.id

The background of this research is the change into the 4.0 industrial revolution era which resulted in changing the learning ability of elementary school students. The purpose of this study is to determine the connection ability of elementary school students in the era of the 4.0 industrial revolution. This is a descriptive qualitative study. The results show a weak mathematical connection ability of elementary school students in the 4.0 industrial revolution era. The implication of this research is that it provides a foundation for teachers or other researchers in developing an effort to improve the mathematical connection ability of elementary school students. Pages 458 to 472

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The Impact of The Industrial Revolution 4.0 on Non-Formal Education Practice

Iis Prasetyo¹, Yoyon Suryono², Tristanti³

Non-formal Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Email: ¹iis.prasetyo@uny.ac.id, ²ysuryo@uny.ac.id, ³tristanti@uny.ac.id

This study aims to uncover the extent of the impact of the industrial revolution 4.0 on the development of non-formal education. Furthermore, to explain the programs developed by the PNF unit in the face of the industrial revolution 4.0. This study used a qualitative descriptive explorative approach. The research respondents were managers and educators of non-formal education units that were determined purposively. The study was conducted on the PNF units in the cities of Sleman, Bantul, and Yogyakarta. The results showed the impact of the industrial revolution 4.0 on the practice of non-formal education, included the optimisation of information technology had been widely applied in the academic and administrative fields in the PNF unit. Pages 473 to 486

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Self-Directed Learning in The Learning Program for Integrated Healthcare Service Elderly Managerial Staff in The Bejiharjo Village, Karangmojo District, Gunungkidul Regency

Lutfi Wibawa¹, Hiryanto², Sugito³

Nonformal Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Email: ¹lutfi_wibawa@uny.ac.id, ²hiryanto@uny.ac.id, ³kanggito@yahoo.com

This research aims to describe the self-directed learning (SDL) process in the learning program of the integrated healthcare centre elderly managerial staff of the Bejiharjo Village in the Karangmojo District of the Gunungkidul District. The results of the study show that the purpose of this non-formal education activity is to provide information, understanding and insight to the elderly community managerial staff and elderly residents about the importance of a healthy lifestyle. The SDL approach is completed through several stages, namely: (a) increases participants' trust; (b) provides opportunities for participants to learn to ask questions; (c) provides open and mutually reinforcing communities; (d) makes learning a personal need; (e) SDL then becomes an individual commitment; (f) instils a sense of belonging to learning needs; (g) creates opportunities for participants to be involved in the learning process; (h) provides motivation to learn; and (i) encourages commitment to participants for SDL skills development. Pages 487 to 500

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 Collaborative Action Research Application of Socratic Methods in Learning in Primary School

Nandang Rusmana¹, Dodi Suryana², Andi Utama³

Educational Psychology and Guidance, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Email: ¹nandangrusmana@upi.edu, ²dodi.Suryana@gmail.com, ³andiutama@student.upi.edu

The purpose of this research is to apply the socratic method in learning in elementary schools. The research method used is research and development, which is modified into three stages. First, is a preliminary study related to the teacher's learning process at school. Second, is the development of socratic methods in elementary schools, which are validated by experts and practitioners. Thirdly, the application of the test socratic method was limited to one UPI laboratory school to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the socratic method, and to test the wider socratic method at the SD laboratory of the regional campus of the Indonesian University of Education. Pages 501 to 514

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The Effect of Dean Leadership, on the Performance of Lecturers Working in The Faculty of Education in Medan State University

Nasrun¹, Dody Feliks Pandimun Ambarita², Nani Barorah Nasution³, Husna Parluhutan Tambunan⁴

Education Psychology, Universitas Negeri Medan

Email: ¹nasrun.nst@gmail.com, ²dodyambarita@gmail.com, ³nani.barorah@gmail.com, ⁴husnatambunan@gmail.com

The aims of this study are to determine: (1) the effect of the dean of the Faculty of Education’s leadership on the work motivation of lecturers working in the Faculty of Education in Medan State University, (2) the effect of organizational culture on the work motivation of lecturers working in the Faculty of Education in Medan State University, (3) the effect of the dean of the Faculty of Education’s leadership on the performance of lecturers working in the Faculty of Education in Medan State University, (4) the effect of organizational culture on the performance of lecturers working in the Faculty of Education in Medan State University, (5) the effect of work motivation on the performance of lecturers working in the Faculty of Education in Medan State University and publishing in international journals. This research is a quantitative study using a path analysis approach (path analysis) which began in the Academic Year 2018-2019 and concluded December 2018. Pages 513 to 530

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Origami and Fine Motoric Ability of Intellectual Disability Students

Rizqi Fajar Pradipta¹, Dimas Arif Dewantoro²

Special Education, Universitas Negeri Malang

Email: ¹rizqi.fajar.fip@um.ac.id, ²dimas.arif.fip@malang.ac.id

This study aims to analyse the effect of playing origami on fine motor skills. The research method used is quasi experiment with time series design. Data analysis techniques including the Wilcoxon test. Data analysis techniques were based on the developmental delays experienced by students with mental retardation caused by various things. One of which is the absence of activities that optimally develop fine motor skills. One of the activities that can be used to optimize fine motor skills in retarded students is playing origami. Origami play activities involve the skills to move the fingers, the skills to move the wrists, and the skills to move the arms. Wilcoxon test will be used to test whether playing origami affects the fine motor skills of retarded students. Pages 531 to 545

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Innovation of Project Base Learning (PjBL) on Outdoor Study for PGSD’s Student Activity on Education Diffusion

Sukamti¹, Esti Untari², Arda Purnama Putra³, Aryna Chintya Devi⁴

Department of Elementary School Teacher Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia

Email: ¹sukamti.fip@um.ac.id, ²esti.untari.fip@um.ac.id, ³arda.purnama.fip@um.ac.id

This study aims to determine the response of students participating in learning activities by applying the Project Base Learning (PjBL) model based on outdoor learning in innovation diffusion courses. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive method by direct observation and documentation. The instrument used was the observation sheet and student response questionnaire. The results showed a student response of 87.1% with the criteria of strongly agreeing to the PjBL model based on outdoor learning. PjBL outside the room was in the form of training, counselling and group discussion forums. Pages 546 to 561

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Developing Learning Models to Increase Higher Order Thinking Skills in Early Childhood

I Wayan Sutama¹, Leni Gonadi², Nur Anisa³
Early Childhood Education Department, Faculty of Education, Malang, Indonesia
Email: ¹wayan.sutama.fip@um.ac.id, ²leni.gonadi.fip@um.ac.id, ³nur.anisa.fip@um.ac.id

This research is based on the needs of teachers and parents for a concrete learning model, especially in regard to the implementation of the 2013 Early Childhood Education Curriculum. This is so that children can find, process and inform the results of their learning outcomes, have soft skills, and be creative in solving their daily problems by using high thinking skills. This paper seeks to develop a relevant and effective learning model to enhance children’s high order thinking skills based on open ended play. This paper employed Borg and Gall’s model which was adjusted into seven steps, including research and data collection, planning, development of product drafts, initial field trials, revising trial results, field trials, refinement of field trial results. The subjects were involved in product evaluation, small group trials, and big group trials. The research results confirm that the developed learning model is relevant, effective, and valid for 5-6 years old children. Pages 562 to 578

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Systematic Literature Review: Concept, Dimension, and Antecedent Multicultural Counselling Competence

Yuliati Hotifah¹, Hamidah^2
1Student of Doctoral Program of Psychology, Lecturer  at Guidance and Counseling Department, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia

²Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
Email: ¹yuliati.hotifah.fip@um.ac.id, ²hamidah@psi.unair.ac.id

Multicultural counselling competence is a theoretical and practical movement about racial, ethnic and cultural differences in the counseling process. The purpose of this study is to review the literature of concepts, dimensions, factors that influence the competency of multicultural counseling and its measurement tools by using a systematic literature review using databases, including science-direct, IPI / Garuda Portal, Emerald, and specifically the Multicultural Development and Counseling Journal (JMCD) using the keywords "multicultural counseling", "cross-cultural counseling" and "cultural awareness," which obtained 16 articles (N = 263). The results of the review show the concept of competence is diverse, but is still based on the Tripartite model. Moreover, a multicultural counseling competency model based on  competency has not been found. Therefore, future research needs to examine competency models that are more comprehensive and based on established competency theories. Pages 579 to 595

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Development of Three-Dimensional Visuals Learning Media Using the Scientific Approach

Lala Jelita Ananda¹, Elvi Mailani², Desi Dwijayanti³

^1,2,3Primary School Teacher Education, Medan State University, Medan

¹ljananda@unimed.ac.id

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of three-dimensional visuals learning media using the scientific approach. The type of research is development research. The subjects of this study were students of class V-C Primary School (SDN) 101766 Bandar Setia and consisted of 28 students. Data collection techniques in this study used questionnaires and tests. Based on the results of the first media expert validation research an average score of 4.33 and 4.80 was obtained, while the results of the second media expert obtained an average score of 4.47 and 4.67. The results of the validation of the first material expert obtained an average score of 4.77 and 4.85, while the results of the validation of the second material expert obtained an average score of 4.38 and 4.69. The results of individual trials obtained an average score of 4.67, and the results of small group trials obtained an average score of 4.35. The results of field tests obtained an average score of 4.60. Rhe results of the pre-test scores obtained an average score of 41.6 and the post-test results obtained an average score of 78.6. In regard to the pre-test and post-test scores on science subjects, the average score was 3.68 and 6.11. Pages 596 to 610

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The Change of Educational Tutoring Paradigm as a Non-Formal Education Unit

MV. Roesminingsih¹, Rivo Nugroho², Widya Nusantara³, IGL. Putra Eka P.⁴
Department of Nonformal Education, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
Email: ¹roesminingsih@unesa.ac.id, ²rivonugroho@unesa.ac.id, ³widyanusantara@unesa.ac.id, ⁴lanangprismana@unesa.ac.id

Tutoring is needed because parents’ lack confidence in the services provided by the school. Tutoring is considered to make students successful in their schools. Tutoring institutions as non-formal institutions are seen as important for their success in helping learning difficulties. The Industrial Revolution 4.0 apparently had a profound impact on the services provided by non-formal education including tutoring. The purpose of this article is to analyse the paradigm changes in tutoring of the industrial revolution 4.0 era through a literature review and the use of qualitative approaches. The literature review comprises of various research results and existing analysis, which are then mapped so that it can provide information related to why conventional tutoring must change, and what strategies must be done for conventional learning guidance in order to maintain their existence and be able to compete in the future. Pages 611 to 622

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 Development of Online Learning for Undergraduate Guidance and Counseling Students

Bambang Dibyo Wiyono¹, Heryanto Susilo²

¹Guidance and Counseling Department, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

²Non-formal Education Department, Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Emai: ¹bambangwiyono@unesa.ac.id, ²heryantosusilo@unesa.ac.id

Blended learning is a combination of learning face to face, computer (offline), and internet-based learning (online). The main purpose of blended learning is to provide opportunities for a variety of students to learn independently, sustainably, and mature, so that learning will be more effective, more efficient, and more interesting. The development model used in the process of developing blended learning in the guidance and counselling profession course is the ADDIE model. The steps of developing this model include: (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Development, (4) Implementation, (5) Evaluation. The development phase that has been carried out includes analysis, design, development and implementation. The results of expert tests obtained P = 97.5%. The interpretation criteria included "very good" criteria and obtained an alternative decision "very feasible". The evaluation results showed that 92.85% items were rated as good. Pages 623 to 634

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Problem-Based Learning Model in Practice-Oriented Student Work Sheets for Integrated Social Sciences

Hari Sugiharto Setyaedhi¹ Rusijono² Hidayati, A³

^{1 2}Faculty of Educational Sciences, Surabaya State University, Unesa Lidah Wetan Campus, Surabaya, Indonesia 60213

³SMP Islam Integrated  Insan Permata, Bojonegoro, Cendekia No.03 Bojonegoro

Email: ¹harisetyaedhi@unesa.ac.id ² rusijono@unesa.ac.id, ³armawatihidayati1@gmail.com

This research aims to test the feasibility and effectiveness of a practice-oriented Student Work Sheet (SWS) for Integrated Social Sciences based on the PBL model for changing learning outcomes. The research used the ADDIE model. The research subject is junior high school students. The research applies the quasi experimental design that uses the non-equivalent control group design for both pre-test and post-test. Research results showed: (1) the learning media in the form of a syllabus showed a validation score of 79.16%, and therefore is considered feasible to apply, (2) a significant difference between classrooms that do and do not use the SWS. This is evidenced from a post-test mean of 79.83 for Classroom A and 70.83 for Classroom B. It can therefore be concluded that the PBL-oriented SWS for Integrated Social Sciences is feasible and effective for improving the learning outcomes for the integrated social science subject. Pages 635 to 646

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Transformation of Research Education at Elementary School Mathematics in the Industry 4.0

Neni Mariana
Elementary School Teacher Education, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia

Email: nenimariana@unesa.ac.id

Industry 4.0 has brought change to all fields. This includes mathematics education, especially at the level of elementary education. The changes that took place in the era of the fourth industrial revolution demanded transformation in the field of research|education at elementary mathematics education. The "|" sign in the phrase signifies an interconnection between the transformations carried out in the world of mathematics education and those carried out in the world of mathematics education research. This paper was devised in order to see changes in the world in the era of Industry 4.0, as well as its impact on the direction of elementary mathematics education and the shifting paradigm of mathematics education research. Pages 647 to 656

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The Difference of Efficacy in Gaining Test of English Proficiency (TEP) Students of BIDIKMISI Scholarship Recipient

Nunuk Hariyati¹, Supriyanto², Erny Roesminingsih³, Mohammad Syahidul Haq⁴

Department of Educational Management, State University of Surabaya, Indonesia

Email: ¹nunukhariyati@unesa.ac.id, ²supriyanto@unesa.ac.id, ³ernyroesminingsih@unesa.ac.id, ⁴mohammadsyahidulhaq@unesa.ac.id

This study aims to explore and analyse the difference of efficacy among students of the Bidik Misi scholarship who have and have not graduated by gaining TEP score. The method used in this study is quantitative descriptive approach. The population consists of 2016 and 2017 generation students receiving the Bidik Misi Scholarship in the Faculty of Education of the State University of Surabaya. Sample size is determined by using Issac and Michael Table. Questionnaire is used as research instrument. Discrimination test is used to analyse data. The findings show that: 1) most of the Bidik Misi Scholarship students have less efficacy in gaining TEP score; 2) students of the Bidik Misi Scholarship have not been able obtain score beyond the determined passing grade ; 3) there is a significant difference of efficacy among students of the Bidik Misi Scholarship who have and have not passed TEP in order to obtain TEP test. Pages 657 to 668

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Reconstructional concept map: automatic Assessment and reciprocal reconstruction

Tsukasa Hirashima

Department of Information Engineering, Hiroshima University, Japan

Email: tsukasa@lel.hiroshima-u.ac.jp

In this paper, Kit-Build concept map (KB map) is introduced as a reconstruction type of a concept map. In the use of KB map, a learner is requested to build a concept map by using provided components, that is, nodes and links with labels. The set of components (kit) is generated by decomposing a concept map that is originally constructed by a teacher (in teaching-learning) or by a partner (in mutual understanding in collaboration). Because KB map requires a learner to reconstruct the original concept map made by another, KB map building is a promising activity to promote a learner to understand the other’s understanding. In KB map, a reconstructed map can be directly compared with the original map and their differences can be detected exactly. Because several maps reconstructed from the same kit can be also laid over each other, a map expressing group understanding is generated as the result of the overlapping.  These automatic functions are used in collaborative learning situation to detect differences of the participants’ understanding. This paper describes a framework of KB map, practical uses in classrooms, the validity of automatic assessment of KB map, and reciprocal kit-building as a mutual reconstruction of KB map in a collaborative situation. Pages 669 to 682

Islamic Comprehensive Guidance and Counselling to Enhance High School Students’ Mental Health

Syamsu Yusuf L.N.¹, Nani M. Sugandhi², Rakhmat Riyadi³,

^{1 2}Educational Psychology and Counselling, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

³Department of Primary Teacher Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Email: syamsu@upi.edu